Assessment of root and root canal morphology of mandibular premolars using cone beam computed tomography in a tertiary center of Nepal

Introduction: Mandibular premolars are considered an enigma in dentistry because of their variability anatomical and morphological features making it difficult to treat endodontically. This study was conducted determine the root canal morphology mandibular Nepalese population by using cone beam computed tomography imaging. Methods: One hundred thirty-four images were collected convenience sampling method from April 1 August 31, 2022 Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. A total 536 (268 first 268 second premolars) evaluated two examiners (one endodontist one oral radiologist). Canal configuration classified according Vertucci’s classification. Results: In premolar teeth, majority had followed roots fused roots. The most common type I (83.88% 96.65% respectively) V (9.89%) III (1.86%) premolar. VII (0.37%), C-shaped (1.46%), unusual (0.37%) observed premolars, males showed more variation than females; while females males. Conclusions: teeth with cases.